p.hal;;1

Canonical URI: http://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.hal;;1
Translation (Model: gpt-4o-mini, Batch ID: 2)

Extracted Text

Koine Greek

ψευδομαρτυρίου· ὁ μαρτυρίας ἐπιλαμβανόμενος ἐπιλααμβανέσθω παραχρῆμα, [ὅ]ταν ἡ γνῶσις ἀναγνωσθῆι παρὰ δικαστῶν ἢ δια[ι]τητῶν ἢ κριτῶν, ἐπιλαμβανέσθω {[ἐ]πιλαμβα[νέσ]θω} δὲ πάντων τῶν ταυτὰ μα[ρ]τυρησάντ[ων] καὶ λαβὼν ἀντίγραφα τῆς μαρτυρίας, ἐὰ[ν βο]ύληται, γραφέσθω δίκην αὐθημερὸν ἢ τῆι [ἑπο]μένηι ἡμιολίου τοῦ τιμήματος τοῦ ἐν τῶι [ἐν]κλήματι ὄντος. ἐξέστω δὲ καὶ μέρους τῆς μ[αρ]τυρίας ἐπιλαβέσται, ἐμφανιζέτω δὲ ἐν [τῶι] ἐνκλήματι, οὗ ἂν ἐπιλάβηται μέρους. ⟦ἐὰ[ν] δέ τις ἑτέρου⟧ ⟦μέρους⟧ ἐὰν δέ τις μὴ εὑρίσκηι τ[οὺς] μαρτυρήσαντας, διδότω τὸ ἔνκλημα τῶι π[αρ]ασχομένωι. τῶι δὲ παρὰ τὰ γ[ε]γραμμένα ποιοῦ[ν]τι μὴ εἰσαγώγιμος ἡ δίκη ἔστω. τὰ δὲ δικαιώ[μα]τα τη(*)

ἐὰν δέ τις καταδικασθείσης αὐτοῦ δί-κης ἐπιλαβόμενος τῶν μαρτύρων γράψηται δίκην κατὰ τὸ διάγραμμα, ἐνγύο\υ/ς μὲν παρʼ αὐτοῦ λαμβανέτω ὁ πράκτωρ ἢ ὁ ὑπη-ρέτης παραμονῆς, τὴν δὲ πρᾶξιν {τὴν δὲ}{πρᾶξιν} μὴ συντελείτω, ἕως ἂν ἡ τοῦ ψευ-δομαρτυρίου δίκη συντελεσθῇ, καὶ ἐμ(*)

ἔστω, [οἱ] δὲ μάρτ[υρε]ς εἰσπρασσέσθωσαν· ἐὰν δὲ {ἐν δ[ὲ]} [ἡ]σσηθῆι, συν[τ]ελείτω ὁ πράκτωρ ἢ ὁ ὑ-πηρέτης τὴν π[ρᾶ]ξιν. ἐὰν δέ τιν(*)

ἐὰν δέ τ[ις γραψάμενος δίκην ἢ πληγῶν ἡσσηθῆι, ⟦προς⟧ προσαποτι-νέ[τω] [ τῶι νικήσαντι τὸ δ]έκατον τοῦ τιμήματος τῆς δίκης καὶ ὁ πράκτωρ ἢ ὁ ὑπηρέτης πρα-ξά[τω καθάπερ ἐκ δίκης ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων, ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἐκποιῆι, καὶ ἐκ τοῦ σώματος.

ὅσοι δʼ ἂν γρ[αψάμενοι δίκας ἢ αἰκι(?)]σμοῦ ἡσσηθῶσιν, προσαποτινέτωσαν τοῖς νικήσασιν τὸ πέμπτον μέρος το[ῦ τιμήματος τῆς δίκης,] πραξάτω δὲ ὁ πράκτωρ ἢ ὁ ὑπηρέτης ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων καθάπερ ἐγ(*)

ἐὰν δέ τινες μὴ ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς δικαστηρίοις γράψωνται δί-κας ἀλλήλοις, κληρούσθωσαν τ]ού\τ/οις δικασταὶ ἐξ ἑκατέρων τῶν δικαστηρίων [ο]ἱ ἴσοι καὶ μὴ πλείους ἔστ[ωσαν τῶν δέκα καὶ ἔστω αὐτῶ]ν ὁ λαχὼν πρόεδρος, εἰσαγέσθω δʼ \ἀ/εὶ ἡ πρώτη λαχοῦσα πρώτη. ἐὰν δὲ τῆι αὐ[τῆι

ἐὰν δέ τις ὀφρύγην παρὰ ἀλλότριον χω-ρίον οἰκοδομῆι, τὸν [ὅρον μὴ π]αραφαινέτω. ἐ[ὰν δ]ὲ τειχίον ἢ οἴ-κ[ημα] ἔξω τοῦ ἄσ-τεω[ς], ἐ[ὰ]μ(*)

Ἰ̣σ̣[όχ]ρυσο̣ς̣ Σάν̣-δ[ο]υ̣ ἀπολειπέτω, ἐὰν δὲ οἴκημα], δύο πόδας· [ἐ]ὰν δὲ ἐντὸς τοῦ ἄστεως οἰκοδ[ομῆι

ἐὰν δὲ ἀμφότεροι οἱ ἀντίδικοι ἐπιλαβόμενοι τῶν μαρτύρων καταδικάσωνται τοῦ [ψ]ευδομαρτυρίου, οἱ μ[ὲν] μάρτυρες τὰς κατα-δ[ί]κας εἰσπρασσέσθω[σαν] κατὰ τὸ διάγραμμα, [ἡ] δ[ὲ ἐ]ξ ἀρχῆς κρίσις κυρία ἔστω, ἐὰν μὴ ἔκκλη-τος γένηται. ἐξέσθω

ὅρ[κος] ν[ό]μιμος. ὅταν τις ὁρκίζ[ηι, ὀμνύ]τω ὁ ὁρκιζό[μ]ενος ἐν τ[ῆ]ι ἀγορᾶι [ἐ]πὶ τοῖς ὁρκωτηρίοις κ[αθʼ ἱερ]ῶν σπέν[δων,] τ[ὰ δὲ] ὅρκια παρεχέτω ὁ ἐπικαλῶν. ὀμνύτω δὲ Δία Ἥραν Πο[σει]δῶ. ἄλλον δʼ ὅρκον μηδένα ἐξέστω ὀμνύναι μη[δ]ὲ ὁρκ[ίζ]ειν μηδὲ γενεὰν παρίστασθαι.

Latin

(no Latin text found in the document)

Translation into English

The text discusses the procedures and regulations regarding false testimony, the responsibilities of witnesses, and the legal implications of various actions in a court setting. It emphasizes the importance of proper documentation and the consequences of failing to adhere to legal standards. The text also outlines the rights of individuals in relation to property and construction, as well as the penalties for various offenses, including assault and perjury.

Translation (Model: gpt-4.5-preview-2025-02-27, Batch ID: 9)

Extracted Koine Greek Text

Greek Text (selected clearly readable sections)

ψευδομαρτυρίου· ὁ μαρτυρίας ἐπιλαμβανόμενος ἐπιλαμβανέσθω παραχρῆμα, [ὅ]ταν ἡ γνῶσις ἀναγνωσθῆι παρὰ δικαστῶν ἢ δια[ι]τητῶν ἢ κριτῶν, ἐπιλαμβανέσθω δὲ πάντων τῶν ταυτὰ μα[ρ]τυρησάντ[ων] καὶ λαβὼν ἀντίγραφα τῆς μαρτυρίας, ἐὰ[ν βο]ύληται, γραφέσθω δίκην αὐθημερὸν ἢ τῆι [ἑπο]μένηι ἡμιολίου τοῦ τιμήματος τοῦ ἐν τῶι [ἐν]κλήματι ὄντος.

ἐξέστω δὲ καὶ μέρους τῆς μ[αρ]τυρίας ἐπιλαβέσθαι, ἐμφανιζέτω δὲ ἐν [τῶι] ἐνκλήματι, οὗ ἂν ἐπιλάβηται μέρους.

ἐὰν δέ τις μὴ εὑρίσκηι τ[οὺς] μαρτυρήσαντας, διδότω τὸ ἔνκλημα τῶι π[αρ]ασχομένωι. τῶι δὲ παρὰ τὰ γ[ε]γραμμένα ποιοῦ[ντ]ι μὴ εἰσαγώγιμος ἡ δίκη ἔστω.

ἐὰν δέ τις καταδικασθείσης αὐτοῦ δίκης ἐπιλαβόμενος τῶν μαρτύρων γράψηται δίκην κατὰ τὸ διάγραμμα, ἐνγύους μὲν παρʼ αὐτοῦ λαμβανέτω ὁ πράκτωρ ἢ ὁ ὑπηρέτης παραμονῆς, τὴν δὲ πρᾶξιν μὴ συντελείτω, ἕως ἂν ἡ τοῦ ψευδομαρτυρίου δίκη συντελεσθῇ.

ἐὰν δέ τις ὀφρύγην [παρὰ] ἀλλότριον χωρίον οἰκοδομῆι, τὸν [ὅρον μὴ π]αραβαινέτω.

ἐὰν δὲ τάφρον ὀρύσσηι ἢ [βόθυνον ὀρ]ύ̣σσηι, [ὅσον ἂν τὸ βάθος ἦι, τοσοῦτον ἀπ]ολείπειν, ἐὰν δὲ φρέαρ, ὀργυάν, ἐλάαν δὲ καὶ [συκῆν φυτεύοντ]α ἐ[ννέα πόδας φυτεύειν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀλλ]οτρίου, τ[ὰ δʼ] ἄλλα δένδρη πέντε [πό]δας.

βασιλεὺς Πτολεμαῖος Ἀντιόχωι χαίρειν. περὶ τῆς σταθμοδοσίας τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἀκούομεν πλείω τινα βίαν γίνεσθαι τὰς καταλύσεις παρὰ τῶν οἰκονόμων οὐ λαμβανόντων, ἀλλʼ αὐτῶν εἰς τὰς οἰκίας εἰσπηδώντων τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἐγβάλλοντας βίαι ἐνοικεῖν.

ὅταν τις τῶν εἰς τὸ σῶμα ἀδικημάτων μεθύων ἢ νύκτωρ ἢ ἐν ἱερῶι ἢ ἐν ἀγορᾶι ἀδικήσηι, διπλασίαν τὴν ζημίαν ἀποτεισάτω τῆς γεγραμμένης.

ὅταν τις ὁρκίζηι, ὀμνύτω ὁ ὁρκιζόμενος ἐν τῆι ἀγορᾶι ἐπὶ τοῖς ὁρκωτηρίοις καθʼ ἱερῶν σπένδων, τὰ δὲ ὅρκια παρεχέτω ὁ ἐπικαλῶν. ὀμνύτω δὲ Δία Ἥραν Ποσειδῶ. ἄλλον δʼ ὅρκον μηδένα ἐξέστω ὀμνύναι.

Latin Text

No Latin text clearly identifiable in the provided document.

English Translation (selected sections)

On False Testimony

Regarding false testimony: Whoever challenges a testimony, let him challenge immediately when the deposition is read by judges, arbitrators, or jurors. Let him challenge all who testified the same, and having obtained copies of the testimony, if he wishes, let him file a lawsuit on the same day or the next, for one and a half times the amount involved in the accusation.

On Building and Planting Near Another's Property

If someone builds a structure near another person's land, let him not cross the boundary. If he digs a trench or pit, let him leave as much distance as its depth; if a well, one fathom; if planting olive or fig trees, nine feet from another's property; other trees, five feet.

Letter from King Ptolemy to Antiochus

King Ptolemy to Antiochus, greetings. Concerning the billeting of soldiers, we hear that there is excessive violence occurring, with soldiers forcibly entering houses because the stewards do not provide lodging. Therefore, arrange that this no longer happens, but rather let them be properly housed. If lodging must be provided by stewards, let them give what is necessary, and when soldiers leave, let them restore the lodgings and not leave them occupied until they return, as we hear is currently happening.

On Crimes Committed While Drunk

If anyone commits bodily harm while drunk, or at night, or in a temple, or in the marketplace, let him pay double the prescribed penalty.

On Oaths

When someone administers an oath, let the one swearing do so in the marketplace at the designated oath-taking places, pouring libations over sacred objects. Let the one invoking the oath provide the terms. Let him swear by Zeus, Hera, and Poseidon. No other oath shall be permitted.

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